The concentration subjects learned in English Department
State Polytechnics of Padang
Have you ever known about State Polytechnics of Padang? Then, do you know what are the majors provided there? Well, I would like to explain it one by one, especially about my major, English Department. State Polytechnics of Padang has seven majors. Those are Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Technology and Information, Accounting, Business Administration, and English Department. English Department is the new major in State Polytechnics of Padang. It has been opened since 2009. English Department students are required to not only be able in using English as the second language, but also in other fields. So, English Department provides two main concentrations for its students, those are broadcasting and translation. Both of them are quiet important nowadays in order to encounter the global era competition. Then, what really are them? I will elaborate it to you.
First of all, I would like to elaborate you about translation. Translation is an activity that translating some texts from the source language (we know it as SL) to the target language (TL). Translating the text from SL to TL is not enough. It’s because we have to make the relationship among them. It means that we have to have more knowledge about the text that we would like to translate before translating it. Before I am going to explain you about the real process of translation, I would like to tell you about some ways of translating the text. There are seven ways that we can use in translating the text. Those are words-by-words translation, literal translation, faithful translation, semantic translation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative translation. Words-by-words translation is a process of translating the text based on the words used. This way is the easiest way. It’s because we can search the meaning of the words in dictionary directly then, translating it into the TL. It means that this way doesn’t consider about the context of the source text. This way should be done only in the beginning of translation process (pre-translating). We may not use it to translate the whole text. If we do that, our translation will be worse. Next, literal translation is a process of translating the text, which is almost the same with words-by-words translation in its process but, in this way we can modify the words. For example, there is a sentence in English “It’s raining cats and dogs”. If we translate it into Bahasa, it can be “Hujan kucing dan anjing” in words-by-words translation. In literal translation, we can change it like “Anjing dan Kucing tidak dapat berjatuhan dari langit” but, it still doesn’t have any meaning, right? That’s why we can only use this way in the beginning, too. It is the same with words-by-words translation.
Next, faithful translation is a process of translating the text based on the grammatical. It doesn’t consider about the culture or anything. The result of the translation done by this way is so rigid and strange for us. Well, I would like to continue elaborating the ways of doing translation. Semantic translation is more flexible than faithful translation. It’s because semantic translation still considers about esthetic value. For example, I got a sentence “He is a book-worm”. In semantic translation, I can translate it like “Dia seorang kutu buku”. I can’t translate it like “Dia seorang cacing buku”, right? It consists of esthetic. After talking about semantic translation, I am going to elaborate you about free translation. In this way, a translator can translate any text freely. It doesn’t mean that he/she can translate the text as he/she wants. The most important thing in this way is keeping the message delivered to the readers well. Although the source text is only written in short sentences, we can translate it into long sentences in target language. Next, I am going to explain about idiomatic translation. This method is used to deliver the message in source text. This method often uses the easy words, which are used in daily life. The last one is communicative translation. This way is the perfect way of translating the text. It’s because it uses the familiar and communicative words. So, the readers can understand the messages that want to be delivered by the writer from source language.
Translation is a complete job. It’s because there are some processes that we have to do three steps at least. Firstly, we have to do analysis. Analysis means that we have to analyze the text whether the text is about law, engineering, or etc. Secondly, we have to translate it well. In this step, we have to follow the rule that I have told you before. That is learning more first then searching some theories relate, and translate it. Thirdly, we have to edit it before giving to our boss or customer. In this case, we are required to edit it well. We have to pay attention to each word used, grammatical errors, writing errors, some symbols used, and everything, which is very important in order to make our translation can be better. For example I would like to translate the text about the law in English. So, I may not translate it directly. I am required to learn more theories about law first. I have to find the suitable words used, I have to find some terms relate to the law, I have to find some references about that then, finally I can translate it.
Some people said that translation is an easy job but, the others said that is the difficult job. Firstly, I would like to explain about the reason said by some people who said that translation is an easy job. They believe that it is easy because it can do anywhere and anytime. We don’t have to go to the office every morning. They are only required to translate the text as well as possible and give the result as soon as possible to the customers. Secondly, I would like to explain about the reason said by some people who said that translation is a difficult job. They believe that it is difficult because translating the text is wasting their time. They have to find the suitable words before using it. The most important reason that they said is translating is a monotonous job. They can’t explore them-selves if they are being translator. In this case, I believe that everything depends on our-selves, right?
In addition, I would like to tell you that there are two major kinds of translator. They are free-translator and sworn translator. Free translator is someone who doesn’t have any company to work. It means that they can accept any jobs from many companies. Then, sworn translator is someone who is working in an institution or board, which is related to some legal documents. They must do a sworn before translating the documents. Those all is about translation. Now, I am going to the next elaboration.
Secondly, I would like to elaborate you about broadcasting. What is on your mind if you hear about broadcasting? I believe that you will imagine about radio broadcaster or news reader, don’t you? Both of them are right but, those are just a little parts of broadcasting. Here, I would like to elaborate you what really broadcasting it is. In my opinion, broadcasting is a broad activity, which is not only focus on radio broadcaster or newsreader, but also everyone involved there like editor, script writer, director, producer, and etc. The main purpose of broadcasting is to deliver the messages well to the audiences. It’s like the same with the purpose of translation but in fact, both of them are different. In translation, the messages is only delivered in a writing while in broadcasting, the message is delivered in audio or audio-visual. Now, I can give you the complete definition about broadcasting. Broadcasting is a process of delivering the messages to the audiences or listener by using audio or audio-visual media. In broadcasting, we are not only learning about how to be a good radio broadcaster or how to be the best newsreader but, we also learn about editing, arranging the schedule, writing the best script, making film, making mini-features, making feature, making advertisements, setting our voice, and everything that some people never wondered about that. It means that we can be a director, broadcaster, producer, writer, and etc.
Broadcasting has two main types. Those are broadcasting in television and broadcasting in radio. Before I am going to explain them both, I would like to explain four aspects involved in this activity. First of all is culture. By having a broadcast station in an area, the cultures can be kept and developed well. Why did I say like that? It’s because in broadcasting, we can show some cultures in our area. So, the local cultures in our residence can be kept. We can imagine if there is no media whether radio or television in our environment, what are the other ways of keeping our cultures? Can it be known by the other people abroad without watching or listen it in television or radio? I don’t think so. For example the recently event held in our area, which is Dragon Boat. I believe that media is giving more contribution in order to make this event can be success. Next, there is a social aspect that is supported by broadcasting. The social aspect here means that the aspiration and the opinion of the society can be delivered freely. For example, there is news about suspect of corruptor. Then, the society can deliver what is on their mind directly in radio or television whether they are disappointed by her/him, they are angry, or they support them, and many others. The next aspect is the economical aspect. It’s quite interesting if we talk about economy, right? I believe that broadcasting can help the economy of many people especially the seller. Don’t you agree with me? I think so. It’s because television or radio can help them to promote their products to the society. So that, the society knows about their product then, they buy it. The last aspect is the political aspect. In this case, the media can also help some people to do the political action. It’s not only bout some people but also for some institution.
Both of them are not the same. Well, I would like to explain it one by one. Broadcasting in radio is a process of delivering the messages by using the audio media. There are some tools needed in this process. Those are PC (to set up the schedule), microphone (in order to make the voice louder), telephone (it is necessary if we would like to ask the opinion from the listeners), and the most important thing that should be prepared is delivering station and of course a studio. Without delivering station, the listeners can not listen any information from the radio broadcaster, isn’t it? Then, I would like to explain about broadcasting in television. Broadcasting in television is quite difficult than broadcasting in radio. It’s because we need so many tools. Those are video camera (to record), the microphone (to make the voice louder), PC (to edit the result of recording), television, and of course the delivering station. Broadcasting in television is the complex process of broadcasting. Why do I say like that? It’s because there are some steps that we should follow. Firstly, we have to do the recording. After recording, we have to do the editing process. In editing process, we are required to make sure whether the voice of recording can be listened well or the video taken can be watched clearly. The next process is finishing. In this process, we have to check anything from our video. If it is necessary to do dunning, we can do dubbing voice here.
By elaborating those two things, we can compare each others. Firstly, I am going to compare it from its strength of each. When we listen the information in television, we can see who the person is directly while in radio we can know the information directly without doing many preparations because we only need the telephone or cell-phone and delivering station. Secondly, I am going to compare it from its weakness. Television can’t deliver the information as fast as radio because television needs to prepare some heavy tools like video camera but, radio can’t show the person. In conclusion of elaborating them, I believe that we should listen to both of those media. It’s because each of them has the strength and weakness.
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